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Testing non polar capacitors - things to take in account (demo & more info)
WEBVTT Kind: captions Language: en
00:00:02.419 in this video something about testing 00:00:07.03900:00:07.049 bipolar capacitors you see quite a bunch 00:00:12.62000:00:12.630 of them in my store storage and I've 00:00:18.76900:00:18.779 made that capacitor tester and showed 00:00:21.56000:00:21.570 the circuit in an earlier video and 00:00:27.89000:00:27.900 perhaps is interesting to tell something 00:00:30.74000:00:30.750 about capacitors and then especially the 00:00:35.87000:00:35.880 bipolar ones so nonpolar capacitors like 00:00:42.88900:00:42.899 these all kinds of values etc etc and in 00:00:54.27900:00:54.289 capacitor that's well known for everyone 00:01:01.13000:01:01.140 interested electronics this is just a 00:01:07.16000:01:07.170 schematic of capacitor there are two 00:01:12.14000:01:12.150 plates and because I'm only talking now 00:01:18.92000:01:18.930 about bipolar capacitors so there's no 00:01:22.49000:01:22.500 positive or a negative but two plates 00:01:25.76000:01:25.770 and surface of the plates here and here 00:01:31.24000:01:31.250 defines the capacitance value but also 00:01:36.01000:01:36.020 the intermediate here in between could 00:01:41.53900:01:41.549 be all kinds of materials air for 00:01:46.60900:01:46.619 instance two plates with air in the 00:01:50.53900:01:50.549 middle or another material ceramic or 00:01:54.49900:01:54.509 whatever the surface of the plates and 00:01:59.88900:01:59.899 ceramic material define the value of 00:02:03.59000:02:03.600 that capacitor and dielectric value 00:02:12.46000:02:12.470 of all the materials here inside between 00:02:17.08000:02:17.090 the two blades have a certain value air 00:02:23.74000:02:23.750 for instance as far as I know he useed 00:02:28.96000:02:28.970 to air capacitors the air in between the 00:02:36.91000:02:36.920 two plates does not affect the value so 00:02:42.43000:02:42.440 much as far as I know correct me if I'm 00:02:46.57000:02:46.580 wrong and also here we have an air 00:02:51.81000:02:51.820 capacitor we say air by electrical 00:02:55.21000:02:55.220 inside so here is the the page that I 00:03:04.84000:03:04.850 wanted to show testing bipolar 00:03:06.79000:03:06.800 capacitors I want to test a few of them 00:03:11.14000:03:11.150 here with my new capacitance meter and 00:03:18.34000:03:18.350 of course capacitors are always very 00:03:22.63000:03:22.640 interesting because of older same 00:03:26.97900:03:26.989 strange things that can happen when you 00:03:31.51000:03:31.520 use capacitors the dielectric um can 00:03:36.07000:03:36.080 vary the surface of the plates can vary 00:03:43.56000:03:43.570 the voltage for which it was made can 00:03:48.97000:03:48.980 vary etcetera etc and the most common 00:03:53.71000:03:53.720 problem with a bipolar capacitor is that 00:03:58.18000:03:58.190 there is a shortcut between the two 00:04:00.07000:04:00.080 plates and in that case we have him 00:04:05.04000:04:05.050 effect we have a wire from one side to 00:04:08.97900:04:08.989 the other side and the capacitor will 00:04:11.38000:04:11.390 not absolutely not show any capacitance 00:04:18.65900:04:18.669 only resistance and there's a whole 00:04:23.35000:04:23.360 theory about 00:04:25.48000:04:25.490 ESR and when we are talking about the 00:04:30.70000:04:30.710 passengers but I want to leave that is 00:04:33.93900:04:33.949 our discussion completely besides so 00:04:39.18900:04:39.199 here are a few types of capacitors the 00:04:42.31000:04:42.320 air capacitor you've seen it here air 00:04:46.24000:04:46.250 capacitor the air is to dielectric come 00:04:49.77900:04:49.789 here the ceramic capacitor and here we 00:04:52.48000:04:52.490 have the so-called foil capacitor that's 00:04:56.23000:04:56.240 the way I named them but the the 00:05:00.45000:05:00.460 electrical so between these two plates 00:05:04.20000:05:04.210 is made of say a kind of plastic 00:05:08.24900:05:08.259 whatever kind of plastic Meyler Bette's 00:05:13.58900:05:13.599 polyethylene tf2 right there 00:05:18.85000:05:18.860 polypropylene or other plastics and the 00:05:23.83000:05:23.840 good thing of these types of foil 00:05:26.37900:05:26.389 capacitors that they are not very 00:05:28.26000:05:28.270 temperature sensitive and here you see 00:05:31.42000:05:31.430 two examples or foil capacitors another 00:05:38.58000:05:38.590 family of capacitors is the so called 00:05:41.46900:05:41.479 are the so called ceramic capacitors 00:05:44.73000:05:44.740 they are by the way all as far as I know 00:05:48.24000:05:48.250 correct me if I'm wrong the temperature 00:05:52.30000:05:52.310 sensitive and they use different ceramic 00:05:56.43900:05:56.449 materials between the two plates so here 00:06:00.39900:06:00.409 one plate the other plate and that 00:06:04.33000:06:04.340 ceramic material has different 00:06:09.76000:06:09.770 properties and here for instance you see 00:06:14.08000:06:14.090 a hundred nano farad capacitor and I'm 00:06:20.64900:06:20.659 absolutely not sure what died electrical 00:06:27.87000:06:27.880 material is used in this capacitor of 00:06:30.96900:06:30.979 hundred nano farad it works it works up 00:06:35.40900:06:35.419 to 50 volts but anyway here at 10 00:06:39.37000:06:39.380 farad capacitor is this ceramic I think 00:06:44.26000:06:44.270 so because of of the disk structure 00:06:49.44000:06:49.450 that's an indication for ceramic 00:06:52.60000:06:52.610 capacitors and he you see order of them 00:06:57.12000:06:57.130 it's a disk and there's one wire 00:07:02.23000:07:02.240 soldered to one part of the disk that 00:07:06.40000:07:06.410 part is often a metallized with silver 00:07:10.09000:07:10.100 or so and then on the other side of that 00:07:12.40000:07:12.410 disk there's the other wire that is say 00:07:25.14000:07:25.150 the the typical way that ceramic disc 00:07:32.52000:07:32.530 capacitors are made is this ceramic 00:07:37.24000:07:37.250 capacitors perhaps I think it is so 80% 00:07:42.40000:07:42.410 I think that it is but I'm not 00:07:45.25000:07:45.260 completely sure and I'm also not sure 00:07:48.69000:07:48.700 about the ceramic material that's used 00:07:52.23000:07:52.240 in between the two plates here at 10 00:07:57.04000:07:57.050 nano farad ceramic capacitor this is a 00:08:01.21000:08:01.220 tiny one this is a big one you will 00:08:05.11000:08:05.120 often see that on higher voltages the 00:08:11.26000:08:11.270 capacitors the ceramic capacitors gets 00:08:13.90000:08:13.910 bigger get bigger and this is a good 00:08:17.62000:08:17.630 example 00:08:24.00000:08:24.010 1500 1500 picofarad at 400 volts ceramic 00:08:35.19000:08:35.200 that's what I assumed 00:08:40.51000:08:40.520 and it's quite big but for instance 1500 00:08:45.55000:08:45.560 picofarad for a lower value also 00:08:51.85000:08:51.860 ceramics 00:08:55.35000:08:55.360 looks like this 00:08:57.22000:08:57.230 oh sorry by the way this is also 1 kilo 00:09:01.30000:09:01.310 fault anyway they made many types of 00:09:07.32900:09:07.339 capacitors in the past so here also 1.5 00:09:15.63000:09:15.640 nano farad this is a small one anyway 00:09:24.88000:09:24.890 there is a relation between the size of 00:09:28.54000:09:28.550 the capacitor and the voltage that it 00:09:31.78000:09:31.790 can endure so finally something about 00:09:40.75000:09:40.760 that behavior or of capacitors the 00:09:46.60000:09:46.610 problems that you find when you solder 00:09:49.72000:09:49.730 out salvaged capacitors of many kinds 00:09:55.48000:09:55.490 out of old electronic equipment that 00:10:01.36000:10:01.370 what I what I have done that's what I've 00:10:04.18000:10:04.190 done during the past 30 years or so some 00:10:12.79000:10:12.800 capacitors are bad and they show strange 00:10:18.22000:10:18.230 behavior on the capacitance meter for 00:10:21.88000:10:21.890 instance you read a too high value 00:10:24.63000:10:24.640 compared to the value that's printed on 00:10:29.98000:10:29.990 the capacitor could be everything say 00:10:38.13000:10:38.140 400 volts 00:10:42.63900:10:42.649 and at 0.15 microphones that means 15 00:10:53.30000:10:53.310 nanofarads and when you're looking on 00:10:58.91000:10:58.920 the meter when you test it you test such 00:11:02.63000:11:02.640 a capacitor with the meter capacitance 00:11:09.26000:11:09.270 meter it shows for instance do I value 00:11:13.94000:11:13.950 or too low value or very low value and 00:11:19.26900:11:19.279 that means in many cases that the 00:11:22.13000:11:22.140 completa capacitor is damaged or 00:11:24.53000:11:24.540 shortcut of course when the capacitor is 00:11:29.38900:11:29.399 short cut 00:11:30.11000:11:30.120 we only have your 8 ohms resistance want 00:11:35.06000:11:35.070 to demonstrate it now 00:11:37.18000:11:37.190 this capacitor 0.2 2 micro farad 10% 00:11:47.41000:11:47.420 that's the variation of the capacitor 00:11:51.07900:11:51.089 value made for six hundred and thirty 00:11:54.29000:11:54.300 faults but when I connect that capacitor 00:11:57.82900:11:57.839 to the meter there is a complete 00:12:04.79000:12:04.800 shortcut so that's very very bad I trow 00:12:13.31000:12:13.320 the way because this capacitor is 00:12:16.19000:12:16.200 damaged it's like a kind of wire and it 00:12:21.56000:12:21.570 will surely not work here's an other 00:12:27.31000:12:27.320 example of a not proper capacitor six 00:12:34.01000:12:34.020 eight zero zero picofarads I put my 00:12:40.55000:12:40.560 camera down and now I connected to the 00:12:45.17000:12:45.180 meter 00:12:55.44000:12:55.450 6.00 picofarad but what I read on the 00:13:00.07000:13:00.080 meter is approximately ten nanofarad 00:13:11.28000:13:11.290 here ten none of our at so that's a too 00:13:16.63000:13:16.640 high value compared to the value that's 00:13:20.80000:13:20.810 printed on that capacitor so I also 00:13:26.02000:13:26.030 Troad it away it is by the way very good 00:13:35.37000:13:35.380 capacitor it was a very good capacitor 00:13:38.35000:13:38.360 in the past so German quality of the 00:13:43.14000:13:43.150 1970s etc so when you do all these where 00:13:49.21000:13:49.220 you find a lot of capacitors on a flea 00:13:52.21000:13:52.220 market it's a good idea to test them 00:13:58.08000:13:58.090 with the help of a capacitance meter and 00:14:02.04000:14:02.050 when they short could surely throw them 00:14:05.62000:14:05.630 away 00:14:06.66000:14:06.670 and look at the value that they give out 00:14:11.94000:14:11.950 there's also a say indication for the 00:14:22.15000:14:22.160 capacitor house here you see some 00:14:25.12000:14:25.130 homemade capacitors made with foil and 00:14:30.96000:14:30.970 aluminum foil by the way that's 00:14:33.79000:14:33.800 interesting I wanted to make a video 00:14:35.56000:14:35.570 about it but my camera runs out now 00:14:40.63000:14:40.640 anyway 00:14:41.86000:14:41.870 it's interesting to make capacitors 00:14:45.43000:14:45.440 yourself by rolling up aluminum foil and 00:14:50.22000:14:50.230 plastic foil together and read the 00:14:57.76000:14:57.770 values on the meter 00:15:04.28000:15:04.290 and you can also see in such a case that 00:15:08.21000:15:08.220 a no made capacitor but also other 00:15:13.95000:15:13.960 capacitors made by manufacturers 00:15:17.21000:15:17.220 well-known fan manufacturers have a 00:15:20.43000:15:20.440 certain loss this one had a certain loss 00:15:24.00000:15:24.010 of 11% when I measured it and tested it 00:15:29.19000:15:29.200 so and over somewhat want to stop this 00:15:35.79000:15:35.800 video because perhaps it gets too long 00:15:40.94000:15:40.950 testing bipolar capacitors is always a 00:15:46.61000:15:46.620 good idea before you solder them in into 00:15:53.10000:15:53.110 a circuit
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